Following a major military victory, David gathers highly valuable spoils from the defeated enemy forces and brings them back to his capital city. The captured gear is extraordinary, consisting of combat equipment crafted from gold. The fact that the soldiers of Hadadezer carried such extravagant armor into battle clearly indicates that their ruler was a prominent king with immense wealth and vast resources [ביאור שטיינזלץ].
The primary approach among commentators is that these golden pieces of armor were shields, which David claimed as the spoils of war. This understanding is supported by other biblical records where the same term is paired with arrows when describing weapons being prepared for battle [רש״י].