מיכה, פרק ה׳, פסוק י״ד

A promise of ultimate justice ensures that the nations of the world will face a profound reckoning. God promises to execute a severe and targeted retribution to establish historical and spiritual justice. This act of vengeance will be carried out entirely by God Himself. The Israelites will not need to rely on military power, horses, chariots, or fortified cities to see this justice fulfilled [אברבנאל].

The punishment will be delivered with immense anger [ביאור שטיינזלץ]. This divine wrath is complete and dangerous, combining two distinct forms of fury: the open, visible anger shown on the outside, and the deep, burning rage held within the heart [מלבי״ם].

The primary approach among commentators is that the target of this wrath is defined by spiritual deafness. These are nations that refused to listen to God's voice, rejected His commandments and the teachings of the Torah, and remain unwilling to accept the yoke of the kingdom of Heaven.

However, another perspective focuses on the historical relationship between these nations and the Israelites. According to this view, the retribution is not directed at the entire world, but specifically at those nations that ignored the pleas of the Israelites during their exile and showed them no mercy. Those who harmed the Israelites and destroyed their land will face this vengeance, while nations that treated them kindly will be spared [אברבנאל].

Contrasting with these interpretations that focus on the sins of the nations, another understanding shifts the focus to the sheer magnitude of the punishment. In this view, God will unleash a retribution against idol-worshipping nations that is so extreme and unparalleled that nothing like it has ever been heard of in history [מצודת דוד].