שמואל א, פרק י״ט, פסוק ח׳

The ongoing conflict between the Israelites and the Philistines serves as the backdrop for David's military rise and the worsening tension between him and King Saul. The war was a continuous struggle, marked by mutual raids without a clear winner [ביאור שטיינזלץ]. This specific renewal of fighting was a direct result of the previous campaign, which centered around David bringing back one hundred Philistine foreskins as a bride price [מלבי״ם]. The Philistines were provoked to attack after witnessing this highly unusual and unacceptable act. The specific number demanded by King Saul was not random; he asked for exactly one hundred foreskins because the Philistine warrior Goliath was born from one hundred different men who had been with his mother, Orpah [חומת אנך].

Against this tense reality, David continued to prove himself as a highly successful military leader, dealing a massive blow to the enemy [ביאור שטיינזלץ]. However, this great military achievement ultimately acted as the trigger for Saul's fourth attempt to kill him. Watching David's overwhelming victory, Saul realized that God's will and His good spirit accompanied David, guiding him to success. In stark contrast, Saul felt that a bad spirit was directed toward himself. Left alone with these thoughts, Saul's anger flared. This internal rage drove him to try and strike David with his spear shortly after the battle. Facing this sudden attack, David fully understood the king's deadly intentions and was forced to flee for his life under the cover of night [אברבנאל].