שמות, פרק ל״ד, פסוק ב׳

Moses' third ascent to Mount Sinai for forty days and forty nights marks the beginning of a new phase of divine revelation. This event echoes the original experience at the mountain, yet it carries its own distinct character [אבן עזרא, קאסוטו]. To be ready for this moment, Moses must ensure that all necessary arrangements are fully completed the day prior [רש״י, מזרחי, שפתי חכמים, ביאור יש״ר, ביאור שטיינזלץ]. Unlike his first ascent, he is not required to build an altar or establish a preliminary covenant with the Israelites, as the original pact remains intact and was never canceled [מלבי״ם]. Nevertheless, strict preparation is essential because Moses is about to witness a profound and wondrous revelation of God's glory. This encounter is uniquely tailored to him and will be even greater than his previous experiences [העמק דבר, רקנאטי].

The ascent must take place at the very break of dawn [העמק דבר]. Beyond practical timing, the morning hour holds deep significance. It represents the divine attribute of mercy, which Moses actively seeks to awaken during this critical period [רבנו בחיי]. Furthermore, the requirement to ascend during daylight highlights the unparalleled nature of Moses' prophecy. His communication with God occurs while he is in a state of absolute mental clarity and alertness, a stark contrast to other prophetic experiences that arrive through dreams or obscure night visions [רש ר הירש, רקנאטי]. Upon reaching the peak, Moses is expected to stand firm and wait. He must linger on the mountain in total devotion, patiently holding his position until God chooses to reveal Himself [חזקוני, ביאור יש״ר, ביאור שטיינזלץ, רש ר הירש].