A deep cry for divine justice arises when human leadership completely fails. As earthly leaders corrupt their ways and abandon the weak, a desperate plea goes out to the Creator to intervene directly, take back the scepter of justice, and establish absolute fairness across the globe. This call serves as a prayer, a voice for the oppressed, or even a prophetic vision [אבן עזרא]. Alternatively, it can be understood as the Holy Spirit responding directly to God [אלשיך].
The primary approach among commentators is that this plea stems from the total breakdown of the human justice system. Because earthly judges fail to deliver true justice, God is asked to reveal Himself [ביאור שטיינזלץ], remove the corrupt leaders [רש״י], and personally take over the judgment of the world to save the poor and needy from those who exploit them [רד״ק, מצודת דוד, מאירי]. This divine intervention is absolutely necessary; if justice is left to humans who twist it, the entire world will face destruction. Therefore, God, who created the earth, must sustain it by establishing His own perfect justice [מלבי״ם, אלשיך].
The justification for demanding God's intervention lies in His eternal ownership of all nations [ביאור שטיינזלץ, מלבי״ם]. Because the entire world is in His hands and the nations are His direct possession, the responsibility to judge them naturally falls upon Him [אבן עזרא, רש״י].
When considering who exactly makes up this divine inheritance, several perspectives emerge. The primary approach among commentators is that God's inheritance does not refer to one specific nation in its entirety. Instead, it refers to the poor, the oppressed, and the brokenhearted found within every single nation. These individuals of truth are deeply loved by God, and they ultimately become His true people and possession [רד״ק, מצודת דוד, מאירי]. Another view suggests that this is actually a plea from the oppressed themselves, asking that God become their personal inheritance and support while they live among the nations [ר' יהודה הלוי המובא באבן עזרא]. A completely different angle proposes that the request for God to judge the entire world is a strategy to protect the people of Israel. If God were to judge Israel entirely on their own, they might not survive the strict measure of justice. However, if God judges all the nations of the world together, Israel's relative goodness will clearly stand out against the darkness and corruption of the rest of the world, leading God to choose them as His rightful inheritance [אלשיך].