A prophetic promise guarantees King David absolute power and certain victory over his opponents, assuring that no one can stand against him or escape his reach. This sweeping guarantee stems directly from the king's absolute trust in God, a faith that earns him such extraordinary strength [רד״ק, אבן עזרא, שטיינזלץ].
When describing how the king will overcome his foes, commentators offer two complementary views on the nature of his success. The primary approach suggests a sense of complete self-sufficiency. The king's own power will be entirely enough to strike down his opponents with full force, completely eliminating the need for any outside assistance [רד״ק, מאירי, מצודת ציון, מצודת דוד, רש״י]. Another perspective understands his success in a physical sense. The king will successfully track down his opponents, ensuring that they cannot flee, hide, or escape his grasp [אבן עזרא, רד״ק, מאירי, מצודת דוד].
The description of the king striking out with both hands carries a specific anatomical distinction. When his hands are mentioned together, the first reference specifically points to his left hand, working in tandem with his right [אבן עזרא, מלבי״ם].
A careful distinction is made between active adversaries and those who merely harbor hatred. On a historical level, this reflects David's major wars against nations that plotted or carried out actual harm against him [מלבי״ם]. In this context, anyone who opposes the king is considered an enemy of God Himself [מאירי].
Looking toward the future era of redemption, this division takes on a deeper spiritual meaning regarding the nations that harmed Israel. The active adversaries include those who physically damaged the people of Israel and the Temple, along with their spiritual representatives in heaven. These aggressors will absorb the full, devastating impact of the king's left hand. In contrast, those who only harbored hatred in their hearts but never took physical action will be met by his right hand. Because the right hand represents the attribute of kindness, their punishment will not be delivered with cruel wrath, but will instead be tempered with a measure of mercy [אלשיך].