ויקרא, פרק כ״ד, פסוק כ״ג

פרשת אמור

Leviticus 24:23Sefaria

וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר מֹשֶׁה֮ אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵל֒ וַיּוֹצִ֣יאוּ אֶת־הַֽמְקַלֵּ֗ל אֶל־מִחוּץ֙ לַֽמַּחֲנֶ֔ה וַיִּרְגְּמ֥וּ אֹת֖וֹ אָ֑בֶן וּבְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל עָשׂ֔וּ כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֛ר צִוָּ֥ה יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה׃ {פ}

The conclusion of the blasphemer narrative transitions from God's general directive to the practical reality of carrying out the sentence. Rather than merely stating the fact of the execution, the account details the precise manner of its implementation and reflects on the character of the Israelites' actions. The condemned man was led far outside the camp, specifically taken beyond the boundaries of all three camps to a distance of six miles from Moses' court. This extended journey was deliberate, designed to provide ample time for anyone to come forward with new evidence that might acquit him while he was being led to his death [תורה תמימה, מלבי״ם].

Although the original divine directive was addressed to Moses individually, the actual execution was carried out by the entire nation. Some commentators explain that as the presiding judge, Moses remained behind and did not accompany them to the execution site [רלב״ג]. Others view this communal participation as a testament to the nation's zeal, noting that the people hurried to fulfill the Commandment before Moses could do so himself [אור החיים]. A further explanation connects this shift to Moses' personal history. The blasphemer was the son of the Egyptian whom Moses had previously killed. Had Moses personally overseen the execution, it could have sparked rumors that he was acting out of a personal grudge against the son. To protect Moses from such slander, the people took the responsibility upon themselves, and God accounted it to them as if the original command had been followed precisely [אלשיך].

The execution itself was carried out with specific guidelines. The condemned was struck directly upon his body rather than his garments, requiring him to be stripped of his clothing beforehand [תורה תמימה, מלבי״ם, אדרת אליהו]. From a practical standpoint, if a single stone caused death, the legal obligation was entirely fulfilled and no further throwing was necessary [תורה תמימה, חזקוני, אדרת אליהו]. On a conceptual level, this unified action contrasts with the execution of the wood gatherer, where multiple stones were utilized because the people harbored varying thoughts regarding his guilt. In the case of the blasphemer, the entire nation was completely united in their clear recognition of his guilt, making their collective action equivalent to the decisive strike of a single stone [פרדס יוסף].

The narrative concludes by affirming that the Israelites did exactly as God had commanded Moses. Since the execution was already described, this addition might seem redundant [אברבנאל, אור החיים]. To explain this, commentators offer three primary perspectives. The first emphasizes the purity of the nation's intentions. Because the incident originated from a bitter quarrel between the blasphemer and an Israelite, there was a risk that the execution could be fueled by anger, revenge, or hatred toward the son of the Egyptian. The narrative testifies that the people acted with profound humility and strict obedience to God, driven solely by the need to eradicate evil from their midst without any personal animosity [רמב״ן, אור החיים, ספורנו, הטור הארוך, ביאור יש״ר, העמק דבר].

A second approach views this concluding statement as an indication of complete legal compliance. It signifies that the Israelites performed all the intricate details of a stoning execution not explicitly detailed in the narrative, such as placing their hands on the condemned man's head, pushing him from a height, hanging the body afterward, and ensuring the corpse was not left exposed overnight [רש״י, מזרחי, תורה תמימה, מלבי״ם, רש״ר הירש, פענח רזא, חזקוני]. Finally, from a historical perspective, some suggest this affirms that from that day forward, the Israelites accepted the laws regarding blasphemy and personal injury as binding for all future generations [אבן עזרא, חזקוני, שטיינזלץ, בכור שור]. However, others maintain that this statement refers exclusively to the proper execution of that specific event, without broader implications for the future [רמב״ן, הטור הארוך].

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