A powerful logical and historical argument dismantles the false belief that God is unaware of human actions or ignores how people behave. The reasoning moves from the grand scale of global history down to the private thoughts of the individual, proving that the very existence of human intelligence points to God's absolute awareness.
The primary approach among commentators is that historical events passed down through generations serve as clear evidence of divine justice. God has consistently held entire societies accountable for their wickedness, such as the generation of the Flood, the builders of the Tower of Babel, and the people of Sodom [רד״ק, אבן עזרא, מצודת דוד]. This same justice applies to empires that oppressed Israel, like Egypt under Pharaoh [מאירי, אלשיך]. The logical conclusion is straightforward: if God judges and punishes entire nations, He will certainly hold the individual accountable as well [ביאור שטיינזלץ, אבן עזרא].
This accountability takes different forms. It can manifest as physical punishment and suffering [רש״י], but it can also take the form of an undeniable, logical proof presented to the wrongdoer [מלבי״ם]. However, the purpose behind the suffering differs depending on the recipient. While God brings destruction upon wicked nations, the hardships directed toward individuals, or specifically the nation of Israel, are meant to wake them up and guide them toward repentance [חומת אנך]. Even when it appears that God is overly patient with those who harm Israel, delaying their punishment, there is no reason to doubt His justice. Just as He settled accounts in the past, He will ultimately bring the wicked to justice, even if His methods remain hidden from human eyes [אלשיך].
The philosophical core of this argument centers on the origin of human thought. Commentators agree that since God is the one who grants humanity the very ability to think and possess knowledge, it is absurd to assume He cannot understand human actions or read hidden thoughts with a single glance. Human intelligence is absolutely nothing compared to His supreme wisdom [רד״ק, אבן עזרא, מצודת דוד]. Ultimately, God reveals His active involvement in the world through two parallel paths. On one hand, He brings public consequences upon great nations, forcing them to recognize His authority. On the other hand, He grants deep wisdom to select individuals, such as prophets and the wise, allowing them to truly understand the profound ways He guides the world [מלבי״ם].