Faced with a looming death sentence, Hezekiah turns to God, and his appeal successfully cancels his fate [ביאור שטיינזלץ]. God's response to the king operates through two distinct channels of salvation. First, by acknowledging the king's prayer, God responds to the personal merits and virtues Hezekiah brought forward. Second, by noticing the king's tears, God acts through the attribute of mercy, which is awakened by such raw emotion.
This divine deliverance sparks a profound healing process. It begins from within, healing the soul and removing internal struggles. Once this inner peace is secured, it naturally leads to the removal of external threats, starting with the physical illness itself and extending outward to the defeat of lesser enemies [מלבי״ם].
Commentators agree that God Himself directly intervenes to extend the king's allotted time on earth. The immediate result of this divine promise is a precise addition of fifteen years of life, taking effect from that very moment [ביאור שטיינזלץ].