במדבר, פרק ל׳, פסוק א׳

פרשת פנחס

Numbers 30:1Sefaria

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֖ה אֶל־בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כְּכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר־צִוָּ֥ה יְהֹוָ֖ה אֶת־מֹשֶֽׁה׃ {פ}

The conclusion of the laws regarding the additional holiday offerings serves as a necessary transition before a new topic begins. While it might seem obvious that Moses passed God's instructions on to the people, there are important reasons for stating this explicitly. The primary approach among commentators is that this creates a clear boundary between the laws of the holidays and the laws of vows that immediately follow. Up to this point, God was the one speaking, whereas in the upcoming section about vows, Moses initiates the address. Without a clear separation, one might mistakenly assume that Moses skipped teaching the holiday laws to the nation and began his address directly with the laws of vows [רש״י, גור אריה, שפתי חכמים].

Beyond clarifying the timeline, this separation prevents both syntactic and practical confusion. Without a clear division, the opening statement of the following section, which is directed at the tribal leaders, could easily be misunderstood as referring back to the holiday offerings [רמב״ן, הטור הארוך]. Furthermore, this division carries a deep legal significance. It teaches that the rules governing vows cannot be compared to the rules governing the holidays. While a single expert has the authority to release someone from a vow, the process of establishing the holidays and sanctifying the new month strictly requires a panel of three expert judges [רמב״ן, הטור הארוך, מלבי״ם].

Unlike many other instructions regarding sacrifices, which are directed specifically to Aaron and the priests, these commands are addressed to the entire nation. This broad address reflects the nature of the holidays themselves. Observing the festivals, refraining from work, and ensuring the offerings are brought are not merely priestly duties; they are public obligations that rest upon all the Israelites once they enter the land [רמב״ן, הטור הארוך].

The specific manner in which Moses delivered these laws is also significant. Rather than using language that implies a lengthy, expansive lecture, the narrative indicates a precise transmission. Moses delivered the exact instructions just as he received them, without adding or subtracting any information [מלבי״ם]. Alternatively, this form of communication highlights that he conveyed the core essence and the moral lessons of the holidays [העמק דבר]. He did not simply list dry rules; he thoroughly detailed all the practical methods and nuances required to fulfill the commandments [רש״ר הירש]. Finally, the record concludes by explicitly naming Moses rather than referring to him with a simple pronoun. This serves as an independent testimony that he passed God's commands to the people with perfect accuracy, without making a single error or altering any detail through a lapse in attention [אור החיים].

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עזרו לנו להגדיל תורה ולהאדירה. תחזוקת האתר והשבחת התוכן כרוכות בהוצאות מרובות. תרומה קטנה שלכם תסייע לנו להחזיק את הפלטפורמה ותהפוך אתכם לשותפים מלאים בהנגשת חוכמת המקרא.

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