Prophetic attention turns toward the arid landscapes surrounding the land of Israel, focusing on the various tribes and nations that inhabit these harsh desert regions [ביאור שטיינזלץ]. The leadership within these territories is divided into two distinct groups. The first consists of the rulers of a specific Arabian nation [רש״י, מצודת דוד]. These people are primarily nomadic, wandering the desert and making their homes in tents [רד״ק].
Right alongside them is a second set of leaders, though their exact identity is a matter of discussion. While some view them simply as another group of Arabs [מצודת דוד], others understand them to be auxiliary forces and secondary groups that attached themselves to the primary Arabian nation [רש״י]. To avoid confusion, a specific detail is noted regarding this second group, emphasizing that they dwell in the desert. Because an entirely different mixed group of nations was already mentioned earlier in the prophecy, this geographic detail serves to clarify that the current focus is on a separate, specific alliance of desert dwellers [רד״ק].