Samson takes advantage of the terrified animals to cause widespread destruction to Philistine agriculture. Once the torches are lit, he simply releases the creatures to run free [מצודת דוד]. Frantic from their strange situation and desperate to escape the burning flames, the animals scatter wildly. As they run in a panic, they ignite fires across many different locations [ביאור שטיינזלץ].
The rapidly spreading blaze consumes the crops at every stage of the agricultural process. It burns through the fields of standing grain still rooted in the earth, and it completely destroys the piles of grain that have already been harvested and stacked together [מצודת ציון, ביאור שטיינזלץ].
The devastation does not stop at the grain fields, but continues onward to the local orchards and vines. There are two ways to understand the exact nature of this final destruction. One approach suggests that the raging fires wipe out everything in their path, burning both grape vineyards and olive trees. Another perspective is that the damage refers to a single type of location: a dense olive orchard where many olive trees are planted closely together, similar to the layout of a traditional grape vineyard [רד״ק, מצודת ציון].