The historical memory of the Exodus and the splitting of the Red Sea concludes with a calm, pastoral image. This peaceful scene contrasts the raging forces of nature with soft, loving leadership. Looking back at the past serves not merely as a record of a miracle, but as an anchor of comfort and security for the future.
The primary approach among commentators is that God led His people in the same way a faithful shepherd guides and guards his flock [רד"ק, מצודת דוד]. This comparison holds an additional layer of meaning. Just as a shepherd brings his animals to a green pasture where food is readily available, God guided the Israelites and provided for all their needs in the desert so they lacked nothing [אלשיך]. There are two main perspectives regarding exactly when and where this gentle guidance took place. One approach suggests it occurred during the actual crossing of the Red Sea, while another perspective maintains that it refers to the time spent in the desert after the Israelites emerged from the water [אבן עזרא].
From the perspective of the people, being compared to a flock highlights their innocence and deep faith. They followed God into the water and through the barren desert without taking provisions, acting out of total trust in Him and relying on the merit of their leaders [אלשיך]. This guidance was carried out through Moses and Aaron. Moses is recognized first due to his higher level of prophecy [אבן עזרא], and the great merit of both leaders served to help and protect the people [אלשיך].
The primary approach among commentators is that concluding with this historical memory is intended to awaken hope. Remembering how God redeemed and led the Israelites in the past proves that He has the power to save them now. He is simply waiting for the people to turn back to Him in repentance. This memory offers deep confidence that no matter how long the current exile may last, God will ultimately redeem His people and provide them with worthy leaders, just as He did in ancient times [מצודת דוד, המאירי, ביאור שטיינזלץ, אלשיך].