משלי, פרק ט״ו, פסוק כ״ח

The profound difference between a righteous person and a corrupt one is most clearly seen in how they use their words. There is a sharp contrast between measured, careful thought and reckless, uncontrolled chatter. The inner life of the righteous is defined by deep reflection. Before speaking, a good person does not rush or panic to reply. Instead, they carefully weigh their thoughts to determine the most correct and appropriate response [רש״י, עמנואל הרומי]. This involves deep calculation, considering how to answer justly [אבן עזרא], and even deciding whether it is better to speak at all or to remain silent [מלבי״ם]. This thoughtful process, often approached with humility and gentleness [ביאור שטיינזלץ] and especially when standing before God [אלשיך], ensures that their words are few, precise, and truly useful [רלב״ג, מצודת דוד].

While the primary approach among commentators focuses on the careful formulation of an answer, an alternative understanding suggests a focus on bitter reflections. In this view, a righteous person constantly thinks about sobering realities, such as the day of death, mourning, and divine judgment, as a way to stay on the correct path. Though some reject this approach based on grammar [אבן עזרא], others view it as a beautiful and deep insight into the mind of a good person [עמנואל הרומי, אמרי דעת].

In sharp contrast, the speech of the wicked does not originate in the heart or the mind, but begins and ends entirely in the mouth [מלבי״ם]. They do not spend a single moment considering the consequences of their words or the reality of future judgment [עמנואל הרומי]. Instead, their words flow uncontrollably and in great volume, much like a gushing spring [אבן עזרא, מצודת דוד, עמנואל הרומי]. Because they speak whatever comes to mind without any fear or hesitation [מצודת דוד], their mouths constantly pour out harmful and corrupting ideas, such as slander, heresy, and the perversion of justice [רלב״ג, אבן עזרא, מלבי״ם].