דברים, פרק ה׳, פסוק ז׳

פרשת ואתחנן

Deuteronomy 5:7Sefaria

לֹ֣א־יִהְיֶ֥͏ֽה־לְךָ֛֩ אֱלֹהִ֥֨ים אֲחֵרִ֖֜ים עַל־פָּנָֽ͏ַ֗י׃

The demand for absolute exclusivity in the relationship between humanity and the Creator stands at the very heart of faith. This is not merely a rejection of other authorities, but a total requirement to avoid mixing belief in God with any reliance on additional spiritual forces. The primary approach among commentators is that there is a strict ban on involving any other powers in the worship of the Creator. A person might hold a complete belief in God, yet mistakenly think it is acceptable to consult idols or other entities for magic and divination alongside that faith. The standard is entirely uncompromising, completely rejecting any foreign worship or blended belief and demanding absolute loyalty to God alone [רשב״ם, ביאור שטיינזלץ].

The specific wording used to establish this boundary prompts commentators to explore the exact scope of the prohibition, defining its limits across both space and time [שפתי חכמים, ברטנורא על התורה, גור אריה]. One approach understands this limitation in a geographic and spatial sense, meaning the ban applies everywhere in the world because God is present everywhere. This emphasis is necessary to correct a potential misunderstanding. One might assume that the prohibition against idolatry only applies in places of direct Divine revelation, such as Mount Sinai, or exclusively within the Land of Israel, where God's providence is direct. However, the command clarifies that even outside the Land of Israel, in places where it might appear that the world is managed by intermediary angels or spiritual princes, it remains strictly forbidden to worship them as a way to access the Creator. God's presence and influence fill every corner of the world [רש״י, משכיל לדוד, לבוש האורה, דברי דוד].

Alternatively, another perspective views this boundary through the lens of time, meaning the prohibition lasts for as long as God exists. This interpretation dispels the notion that the ban on foreign worship was meant only for the specific historical generation that left Egypt, stood at Mount Sinai, and personally experienced the Divine revelation without any physical form or image. The warning is not restricted to the generation that witnessed those miracles. Rather, it remains in full force for all eternity, binding all future generations, even those who never experienced a direct revelation of God's presence [רש״י, גור אריה, לבוש האורה].

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