דברים, פרק י״ב, פסוק ט״ז

פרשת ראה

Deuteronomy 12:16Sefaria

רַ֥ק הַדָּ֖ם לֹ֣א תֹאכֵ֑לוּ עַל־הָאָ֥רֶץ תִּשְׁפְּכֶ֖נּוּ כַּמָּֽיִם׃

The Torah establishes an absolute boundary between meat that is permitted for consumption and blood, which must be entirely discarded. While the prohibition against eating blood is firmly established earlier in the Torah, its repetition here addresses specific misconceptions regarding secular animals or consecrated animals that developed a blemish and were subsequently redeemed. Because the meat of these redeemed animals becomes permissible to eat, one might mistakenly conclude that the restriction on their blood has also been lifted. The renewed warning emphasizes that the ban on consuming blood is permanent and never expires [הדר זקנים, חזקוני, בכור שור, משכיל לדוד]. Furthermore, there could be a misunderstanding that blood is only forbidden when it is designated to be sprinkled on the altar for atonement. The instruction clarifies that even blood entirely unfit for the altar remains strictly prohibited [רש״י, גור אריה, רלב״ג]. From a legal perspective, consuming this specific type of blood violates a single negative commandment, in contrast to the blood of unblemished sacrifices, which carries a double prohibition [מלבי״ם, צפנת פענח]. Beyond these technical distinctions, the severe caution against consuming blood is rooted in its historical association with idol worship [ביאור שטיינזלץ], as well as the principle that blood is considered a portion reserved for God [העמק דבר].

Disposing of the blood upon the ground carries a profound philosophical message regarding the natural order and the essence of animal life. Unlike the human soul, which ascends and returns to its Creator, the life force of an animal—symbolized most powerfully by its blood—originates from the earth. Consequently, it returns directly to the ground upon death, signifying that the animal possesses no spiritual continuation or afterlife [ביאור יש״ר].

Comparing the spilled blood to water yields several vital legal distinctions between this blood and the blood of sacrifices or wild animals. First, it establishes an exemption from the requirement to cover the blood with earth. Because these disqualified animals were previously compared to wild animals like the deer and the ram, whose blood must be covered, one might assume their blood requires the same treatment. The comparison to water teaches that just as spilled water does not need to be buried, neither does the blood of these domesticated animals [רש״י, מזרחי, רלב״ג, פענח רזא, רש ר הירש]. Second, just as water is permitted for general use, one may derive practical benefit from this blood, even though eating it remains strictly forbidden [תורה תמימה, רלב״ג, מלבי״ם]. Finally, this comparison dictates the laws of ritual impurity. Solid food only becomes susceptible to impurity after coming into contact with certain liquids, including water and blood. The legal tradition indicates that only secular blood poured like water can render produce susceptible to impurity, whereas sacrificial blood designated for the altar lacks this status and does not cause susceptibility [רש״י, תורה תמימה, מלבי״ם, בכור שור].

On a deeper, conceptual level, the imagery of water poured onto the earth serves as a powerful metaphor for the reward of fulfilling the commandments. When water is spilled on the ground, it disappears from sight, entirely absorbed into the soil. However, its impact is not lost; it eventually causes fruits and grasses to sprout. Similarly, the reward for keeping the Torah is not always immediately visible in this world. It is absorbed and retained, destined to bring forth its abundant fruit in the future [שפתי כהן].

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