דברים, פרק ג׳, פסוק י׳

The Israelite conquest on the eastern side of the Jordan River covers a vast stretch of land, spanning from the flatlands all the way to the farthest reaches of Og's kingdom. The listing of these captured territories is a direct continuation of the broader military campaign and the lands successfully seized by the Israelites [ביאור יש״ר]. Within this conquered territory, the area identified as the plain actually refers to a high plateau region [ביאור שטיינזלץ].

These captured cities make up the kingdom of Og in the region of Bashan. Og's rise to power in this specific area is deeply connected to his unique background as the very last survivor of a race of giants known as the Rephaim. Long before the Israelites arrived, the Rephaim suffered massive defeats. First, they were struck down by the ancient king Amraphel and his allies. Later, the Ammonites wiped out the remaining population, leaving Og as the sole survivor of these devastating conflicts. Relying on the immense physical strength and power that his people were known for, he managed to take control, build his kingdom, and establish himself as the undisputed ruler over the entire Bashan region [ספורנו].