שמואל א, פרק י״ג, פסוק ז׳

A moment of severe national crisis often forces a fractured response, exposing the raw instincts of fear, desperate flight, and anxious loyalty. Faced with an overwhelming Philistine threat from the west, the Israelites divide into two distinct camps.

The first group is defined by their choice to abandon the battlefield. Terrified by the enemy encamped in Canaan, these individuals flee eastward across the Jordan River. They seek refuge in the territories of Gad and Gilead. The neighboring land of Reuben goes unmentioned, likely because Gad and Gilead are simply the closest safe havens immediately upon crossing the water [רד"ק].

This act of the Hebrews crossing the river carries a poetic and profound resonance [מצודת דוד, חומת אנך]. The root of the word "Hebrew" itself means to pass over or cross through. This serves as a spiritual reminder that a person is merely a temporary traveler in this world, destined to eventually pass on. Recognizing the brief, fleeting nature of life is meant to awaken a deep reverence for God and a desire to cling to Him. This reflects the ancient wisdom associated with King Solomon's legendary ring, which bore an inscription reminding the wearer that even the greatest triumphs and pleasures of this world will ultimately pass away [חומת אנך].

While much of the nation either flees or hides, King Saul remains firmly stationed in his camp at Gilgal [מצודת ציון]. However, his stationary position is viewed as a troubling display of military inaction, as he makes no move to advance against the enemy [מצודת דוד]. This strategic delay draws sharp criticism. Rather than launching an immediate offensive to stop the Philistines from capturing Israelite cities, Saul chooses to sit passively [מלבי"ם].

The second group consists of the soldiers who refuse to flee or hide, choosing instead to remain by their king's side [מצודת דוד, רד"ק, ביאור שטיינזלץ]. Yet, their loyalty is mixed with intense anxiety. They follow Saul with hurried, trembling movements. The primary approach among commentators is that this urgent, rapid gathering behind the king is driven by a deep sense of panic. By rushing after him so anxiously, the soldiers are actively trying to pressure Saul into launching a military campaign, desperate to end his idle waiting in Gilgal [מלבי"ם].