שמואל א, פרק י׳, פסוק כ׳

The selection of Israel's first king was a highly public, step-by-step event. This approach ensured everyone clearly understood that the appointment was not a human decision, but the direct guidance of God. To reveal the chosen leader, Samuel conducted a formal lottery ceremony. He presented the names of all the Israelite tribes before the Urim and Thummim to cast lots among them. The lot fell upon the tribe of Benjamin, as the slip bearing its name was drawn from the lottery box [מצודת דוד].

This selection process was remarkably systematic. It narrowed down the choices in stages: first isolating the correct tribe, then the specific family, and finally the exact individual. The lottery accurately pinpointed Saul, even though he was not physically present at the gathering [אברבנאל].

Conducting such a public, divinely orchestrated selection served a vital purpose. The tribe of Benjamin was the youngest and smallest of all the tribes. Without a clear sign from God, there was a natural risk that other families and tribes would feel bitter and resentful that the kingship was awarded to such a small group. By demonstrating that the choice came directly from Him, the process prevented jealousy and maintained unity among the people [אלשיך].