The destiny of humanity hinges on the tension between material wealth and spiritual eternity, culminating in the ultimate submission of all creation to God. At the close of an individual's life, or at the end of days, every person must confront the true results of their actions.
The primary approach among commentators is that those who enjoy robust health and the rich abundance of the earth [מצודת ציון] will experience a profound awakening of gratitude. The wealthy of the world, or nations that have repented and been blessed with plenty, will partake of their wealth and bow down, recognizing that all their success comes directly from God's hand [מצודת דוד, המאירי, רד״ק, ביאור שטיינזלץ, מלבי״ם]. Alternatively, some suggest it is specifically the humble who will ultimately enjoy the earth's bounty and offer their thanks to God [רש״י].
Conversely, a more critical perspective views these prosperous individuals as people entirely consumed by physical indulgence. They gorge themselves until they are physically weighed down by their own excess, completely neglecting the care of their spiritual souls [אבן עזרא, מלבי״ם]. As life reaches its inevitable end, every human being destined for the dust of the grave—unable to sustain their own lives—will kneel before God in respect and submission [מצודת דוד, ביאור שטיינזלץ]. However, for those who chased only physical pleasures, this submission is forced upon them by the Angel of Death. Because they failed to nurture their spiritual lives, their souls will be lost in the World to Come [אבן עזרא, מלבי״ם].
Taking a harsher view, some commentators describe a severe judgment in the afterlife. The wicked, or those nations who oppressed Israel, will kneel before God, yet He will not show them mercy or revive their souls, because their realization and repentance came far too late [רש״י, רד״ק, אלשיך, המאירי].
On a deeper level, this final submission connects back to the very beginning of the human journey. Before birth, while perfectly secure in the mother's womb, the unborn child is taught the entire Torah and sworn to live a righteous life, keeping the soul pure. Just before entering the world, an angel causes the child to forget this learning. The final descent into the dust represents the day of death, when a person must give an accounting for that original oath [תורה תמימה, רד״ק]. In those final moments of judgment, just before the soul departs, the dying are granted a vision of the Divine Presence [רש״י].