ישעיהו, פרק כ״ח, פסוק ו׳

A successful and stable society relies on two essential pillars: internal justice and external security. God serves as the ultimate source of inspiration, wisdom, and strength for both the leaders who judge the people and the defenders who fight its enemies [מלבי"ם, ביאור שטיינזלץ].

To ensure internal justice, God promises an awakening [מצודת ציון], granting a spirit of prophecy, deep understanding, and wisdom to those tasked with judgment so they can issue true and fair verdicts [רד"ק, צאינה וראינה, מצודת דוד, שד"ל]. The primary approach among commentators is that these leaders represent the king or the members of the high court [אבן עזרא, שד"ל]. Some specifically identify this righteous judge as King Hezekiah, who guided the faithful faction in Jerusalem against those who wanted to surrender to the Assyrian empire [רד"ק, צאינה וראינה, אהבת יהונתן]. Complementing this idea is the view that God Himself teaches justice and directly strengthens the high court in their work [רש"י, אבן עזרא].

Regarding external security, God provides physical bravery to the soldiers defending the nation [מלבי"ם, שד"ל]. However, commentators offer different perspectives on the nature of this combat and the location of the battle lines. One approach suggests that the warriors will overpower their attackers and chase them all the way back to the gates of the enemies' own fortified cities [רד"ק, צאינה וראינה]. Conversely, others argue that the battle takes place at the defenders' own city gates, where they successfully push back the besieging enemy [שד"ל, אהבת יהונתן].

Another perspective highlights absolute divine intervention. In this scenario, soldiers retreating to the safety of their own city gates will not need to rely on human bravery at all, because God Himself will fight on their behalf and strike down the enemy at the entrance [מצודת דוד, אבן עזרא, רד"ק]. Alongside these military explanations, a spiritual interpretation views the conflict as the intellectual struggle of Torah study. In this light, God grants strength and courage to those who dedicate themselves to learning and exploring the depths of Torah [רש"י, צאינה וראינה].

Finally, while these promises are rooted in the historical context of King Hezekiah and the defeat of Assyria, they also carry a vision for the future, pointing toward the days of the Messiah [רד"ק].