יחזקאל, פרק ל״ד, פסוק כ״ג

Following a period where God removes corrupt leaders and heals the nation, a new era of restored leadership is promised. The people will be guided by a single, dedicated figure who cares deeply for their needs rather than his own personal gain [ביאור שטיינזלץ]. The primary approach among commentators is that the reference to David does not mean the historical king himself. Instead, it points to the Messiah, who will eventually arise from David's descendants during the time of salvation [רש״י, רד״ק, מצודת דוד, חומת אנך].

God promises to establish this leader to govern the nation with absolute justice [מצודת דוד]. The imagery of a shepherd is deliberately chosen because King David began his life tending flocks. This background serves as a powerful symbol for a leader who provides for his flock and watches over their well-being, standing in sharp contrast to those who exploit their positions of power [ביאור שטיינזלץ].

The promise of this new shepherd is expressed with a deliberate repetition, which is understood in two complementary ways. One perspective suggests the repetition serves to emphasize that this leader alone will be the exclusive ruler over the people [מצודת דוד, ביאור שטיינזלץ]. Alternatively, this phrasing describes a gradual process in how the nation will be guided. Initially, the leader from the house of David will firmly enforce justice and righteousness. Over time, the people will willingly accept his guidance and learn from him. Ultimately, he will lead them through their full consent, acting as a true representative under God's kingdom [מלבי״ם].