שמואל ב, פרק כ״ב, פסוק מ״ו

The total collapse of enemy nations is marked by both physical decay and deep anxiety. The primary approach among commentators compares these foes to a drying leaf that withers and falls. This imagery suggests that the enemies will become entirely exhausted, gradually fading into complete destruction [רש״י, רלב״ג, מצודות, ביאור שטיינזלץ].

The exact nature of their physical reaction, as well as the setting of their defeat, is understood in three distinct ways. One perspective describes the enemies as limping and crippled [רש״י, מצודת ציון, צאינה וראינה]. This lameness is the direct result of severe suffering, as they are bound by iron chains and locked away in harsh prisons [רש״י, מצודת דוד, צאינה וראינה].

Other approaches suggest that the enemies are not held in prisons, but are instead hiding inside their own locked fortresses and defensive strongholds. From here, their reaction is viewed in two different ways. One interpretation describes them overcome by violent trembling and shock, drawing on similar descriptions of panic found in the Book of Psalms [רלב״ג, ביאור שטיינזלץ, מנחת שי]. Gripped by terror, they burst out of their safe rooms in a complete panic [רלב״ג, ביאור שטיינזלץ].

A final, unique interpretation describes the enemies strapping on their weapons and armor [רלב״ג]. Yet, rather than preparing for an actual battle, they put on their gear while cowering inside their hideouts. Paralyzed by the fear of death, they remain locked inside their defensive walls, completely unwilling to step out and fight [רלב״ג, ביאור שטיינזלץ].