שמואל א, פרק כ׳, פסוק כ״ב

Passing a secret message during a time of danger requires precise planning and a code understood only by those sharing the secret. Jonathan establishes an agreed-upon signal that allows David to receive a warning and remain hidden, ensuring that anyone nearby will not grasp the true meaning of the events [ביאור שטיינזלץ]. When Jonathan calls out to his young servant [מצודת ציון] that the arrows are beyond him, this serves as the hidden command to escape. Practically, this means the arrow has landed further away from where the boy is standing. To create this exact signal, Jonathan plans to shoot an additional arrow that will land far beyond the first one [מצודת דוד]. The appearance of this complete signal indicates that the danger is clear and immediate, requiring David to flee at once. If only a partial signal is given, it means the situation remains uncertain [מלבי"ם].

The instruction to escape is accompanied by a declaration that God has sent David away. Commentators explain that this is not merely a statement of fact, but a profound message of divine providence and rescue. It signifies that God Himself is instructing David to flee [רש"י], and that this departure is ultimately for his benefit, saving him from Saul's sword [מצודת דוד, רד"ק]. Jonathan seeks to comfort David by assuring him that the escape itself is a direct expression of God's watchful care over him [מלבי"ם]. Furthermore, recognizing the real possibility that this might be the last time they ever see one another, Jonathan concludes his message with a parting blessing that entrusts David entirely into the hands of heaven [ביאור שטיינזלץ].