Following promises of material wealth, peace, and military victory, the focus shifts inward to deeply personal and spiritual blessings. These promises center on the direct relationship between God and His people, ensuring their physical continuity and eternal destiny through divine intervention that transcends natural laws. God directs His attention toward the people in a profound display of direct, miraculous providence. Moving beyond external gifts like rain and peace, He now grants blessings directly to the human body, bestowing health, strength, and life [רלב״ג, העמק דבר, ביאור יש״ר, רד״צ הופמן].
Many commentators explain this focused attention through a metaphor of a king who sets aside all other affairs to personally pay his workers. While God grants other nations their minor rewards immediately in this world, He dedicates special attention to calculate and bestow upon Israel their vast, eternal reward for the future [רש״י, מזרחי, אדרת אליהו, שפתי חכמים, גור אריה]. Naturally, describing God as needing to clear His schedule is merely a figure of speech to help human understanding, as He exists entirely beyond time and physical limitations [ברכת אשר על התורה]. This direct attention is an expression of deep love and desire. God acts personally, without any intermediary, even altering the fixed laws of nature and astrology for the benefit of the nation [אור החיים, רבנו בחיי, צאינה וראינה].
The promise of growth is expressed through a dual blessing of fruitfulness and multiplication. Commentators explore this duality through two primary approaches. The first approach views it along the timeline of human life. The initial blessing guarantees basic fertility, ensuring there will be no barrenness and that births will be plentiful. The subsequent blessing ensures the continuity of those lives, promising that children will not die in their youth but will grow, live long lives, and cause the population to truly flourish [רמב״ן, אבן עזרא, בכור שור, ביאור יש״ר].
A second approach suggests that while the first blessing refers to standard physical reproduction, the second describes a completely different kind of expansion. This includes growing in stature, national pride, wisdom, and strength [רש״י, מזרחי, אור החיים, העמק דבר]. Moreover, this physical expansion will be matched by moral and spiritual prosperity, ensuring that the children will reflect the righteous image of their parents [רש״ר הירש]. The emphasis placed on this growth indicates that the population increase will not be a standard natural occurrence, but rather a miraculous and extraordinary expansion [שפתי כהן, משכיל לדוד].
Finally, the promise culminates in the establishment of a covenant. Many explain this as the fulfillment of the original oath God swore to the forefathers of the nation, promising to multiply their descendants like the stars of the sky and grant them the land [ספורנו, רלב״ג, חזקוני]. However, this fulfillment will now occur because of the people's own merit, rather than relying solely on the merit of their ancestors [הכתב והקבלה]. Conversely, other commentators suggest that because the Israelites broke the initial covenant made at Sinai, God is promising to forge a new, eternal covenant with them that will never be broken [רש״י, גור אריה, כלי יקר]. This covenant carries a profound spiritual guarantee that God will actively help the people fulfill the Commandments [בכור שור]. Ultimately, this sacred bond will serve as a moral shield, protecting the nation from the corruption and degeneration that typically accompany rapid demographic growth and newfound material power [רש״ר הירש].